Tharpana Manthras for Iyengars
Compiled by
P.R.Ramachander
Introduction to Tharpanam (Oblations to the manes)
Tharpanam means
“That offering which satisfies”. But what we mean by the word Tharpanam is the
offering of water mixed with gingelly to the manes.(dead ancestors).Though we
have several ancestors, this offering is addressed to three generations of
father, grand father and great grand father along with their wives in our family and maternal grand father, his
father and grand father along with their wives in our mothers birth family.
Only those whose father is dead are eligible to do Tharpanam. If maternal grand
father is alive Tharpanam should not be done for his family but restricted to
our family.
All the manes are
supposed by our religion to live in the Pithru loka for some time and either be
reborn as any being or go to lokas like deva loka, Vaikunta etc or even attain
salvation by getting mixed with god. The pithru loka is populated by three
group of pithru devas viz, Vasu, Rudra and Adhithya. These devas receive our
oblations and make it reach to our manes wherever they are and in whichever form they are. The pithru
loka is supposed to be on the unseen side of the moon. This portion gets
exposed to sun on the new moon days. It is according to our concept lunch time
for the people populating the pithru loka. These pithrus, since they have left
the world are solely dependent on only their progeny to feed them. This feeding
is done through Tharpanam. It is believed that if Tharpanam is not done out
Pithru devas will curse us so that we may not have male descendents to offer
tharpanam to us.
There are several
type of tharpanams: -
1.Gunda tharpanam- the tharpanam which is done in the first
ten days of death.
2.Brahma yagna tharpanam-This is the oblation supposed to be
done daily to the devas, rishis and pithrus.
3.Parheni tharpanam- this is the tharpanam which is supposed
to be done on the next day after annual sraddha .This at present is being done
after sraddha on the same day , because the priest does not have time to come
the next day. Here the tharpanam is offered only to ones pithru varga (paternal
side)
4 The regular tharpanam which is supposed to be done on all
amavasyas. Four Month beginnings viz mesha, karkidaga, thula and makara
and eclipses.Our books have asked us to
perform tharpanam on 96 days in a year but this is not being done nowadays.
Several acharyas
have codified the method of tharpanam. Some of them are Apasthabha, Bodhayana,
Drahyayana What is given below is the manthras and method of the Apasthabha
sutra.of Yajur veda. There is slight differences in the sankalpam among Iyers
and Iyengars.The version followed by both groups of Sri Vaishnavas viz
Thenkalai and Vadakalai are given here.It is understood that the tharpanam for
rik vedis is almost similar but that for Sama Vedis is different. There is also
differences brought about by local practice and family tradition. People are
advised to follow their traditions strictly. They have precedence over what is
written down here. For example in many families tharpanam is done without
wearing Thiruman but there are certain families who do tharpanam wearing it.
Some people do avahanams of Pithrus on two koorchas. Some on one koorcha and
some on spread durbhas..
There are several rules regarding tharpanam though many of
them are not being followed by most of the people.. They are:-
1.On the day of Tharpanam, till tharpanam is completed we
are not supposed to drink/eat anything.
2.On the day of tharpanam, the daily rituals like Sandhya
vandhana have to be first performed. Then before tharpanam one more bath has to
be taken.
3.Wet cloth should not be worn during tharpanam nor is it
right to wear cloth which was washed a day before and dried. The cloth has to
be made wet the same day and dried. Pure white silk cloth can also be worn, but
wearing this silk cloth you should not have eaten any food. If wet cloth is not
dry, it should be seven times shaken dry
in wind before wearing it.
4.Except the tharpanam during eclipse all other tharpanams
are to be done after 12 noon. Considering the difficulty, our law givers have
agreed that it can be done after 8.30 AM.
5.As mentioned earlier nothing should be eaten or drunk
before performance of Tharpanam.
6.Oblations should be done with hand full of water and not
drops or spoon full of water.
7.The water should be poured out using the space between the
thumb and the four fingers.
8.Every time a pinch of black til has to be taken. Care
should be taken not to take it using the thumb and the index finger.
9.Pithru tharpanam should always be done with poonal hanging
from the right shoulder to the left side of the body.
10.The pavithram for pithru tharpanam should be made out of
three durbha and the koorcham should be made of
7 or 9 durbhas.
11.We should preferably sit on seat made of
durbha(durbhasanam) while doing tharpanam
and in its absence put few durbhas on the place we are going to sit,
12.Silver vessels are prescribed for used during tharpanam.
If not available copper vessels can be used. Under no circumstance should steel
or other metal vessels are to be used.
13.Tharpanam should
be done facing east or south. It is believed that it either should be done in
our homes or in public holy places like shore of the river, sea active you
happen to do it in the place belonging to some one else. We are supposed to
compensate the owner of the property.
14.If Amavasya and the first of the month in which tharpanam
has to be performed comes on the same day, then tharpanam for the
sankramanam(first of the month) should be done.
.
Tharpanam*
1.Perform
Achamanam
Take minute
quantities of water(just sufficient to soak one grain of black gram) three
times in the right hand and take it with the following manthra.
1.Om Achyuthaya nama
2,Om Ananthaya nama 3.Om Govindaya nama
Then
Touch with thumb both cheeks saying kesava -Narayana
Touch with ring finger both eyes saying Madhava –govinda
Touch with the first finger both sides of nose saying Vishno-Madhusoodana
Touch with little finger both ears saying Trivikrama-Vamana
Touch with the middle
finger both shoulders saying Sreedhara-Hrishi kesa
Touch with all fingers the belly button saying Padmanabha
Touch with all fingers the head saying Damodara
A:For Sri Vaaishnavas of Vada Kalai
2.Do Pranayamam.
Hold both Nostrils with Thumb and the little and third
finger of the hands and recite the following Manthra:-
Ogum Suva
Ogum Sathyam
Om Tatsa vithur
varenyam Bargo devasya dhi mahi dhiyo yona prachodayath
Jyothj rasa
Amrutham brahma
Bhoorbuvasuvarom
Touch the ears three times saying
Om, Om , Om
3. And then chant the following manthras:-
1.Srimad venkata nadarya kavi kargika kesari
Vedanthacharya
varyo me sanni datham sada hruthi
2.Gurubhya tad
gurubyascha namo vaga made mahe,
Vruni mahe cha tatrath
you dampathi jagatham pathi
3.Swasesha bhoodeth
mayaa sweeyai sarva parichadai,
Vidahthum preethamath manam deva prakramade swayam
4.Shuklam baradaram
vishnum sasi varnam chadur bhjam
Prasanna vadanam
dyayeth sarva vigno upa santhaye
5.Yasyad viratha vakthradhya parishadya para satham,
Vignam nignanthi
vishvaksenam tham asraye.
B:For Sri Vaishnavas of Then Kalai
Do Pranayamam.
Hold both Nostrils with Thumb and the little and third
finger of the hands and recite the following Manthra:-
Ogum Suva
Ogum Sathyam
Om Tatsa vithur
varenyam Bargo devasya dhi mahi dhiyo yona prachodayath
Jyothj rasa
Amrutham brahma
Bhoorbuvasuvarom
Touch the ears three times saying
Om, Om , Om
3. Then Chant the following manthras:-
1.Shuklam baradaram vishnum sasi varnam chadur bhjam
Prasanna vadanam
dyayeth sarva vigno upa santhaye
2..Yasyad viratha
vakthradhya parishadya para satham,
Vignam nignanthi
vishvaksenam tham asraye
WHAT FOLLOWS IS COMMON TO
THENKALAI AND VADAKALAI.
Adya Sri Bhagavatha
maha purushasya Vishnor Agnaya pravarthamanasya Adhya Brahmana Dweethiya parardhe Swetha
Varaha kalpe Vaivaswatha
manvanthare ashta vimsathi thame kali yuge
prathame padhe ,jambu dweepe , Bharatha varshe, Bharatha Khande , Mero Dakshine Parswe ,
Sakabdhe asmin varthamane vyvaharike Prabhavadeenam sashtya samvatsaranam madhye (name of the year)
* Nama samvatsare , (dakshina./uttara ayane, (name
of the season) rithou, (name of the month in
Sanskrit) mase, (Krishna/shukla) pakshe ,
Adhya (Name
of the thidhi-moon phase) Punya
thithou (name of the day in Sanskrit)vasra
yukthayam (name
of the star in Sanskrit) nakshatra
yukthayam Shubha yoga –Shubha
karana, Evam guna viseshana
visishtayam asyam (Name of the thidhi) Punya thithou,
( Change the position of poonal from
left shoulder to right shoulder(LEFT MODE))
(Your Gothram) Gothranam (Names
of father, grand father, great grand father)**
Sarmanam, Vasu-Rudra-adithya swaroopanam asmad Pithru –Pithamaha-Pithru Pithamahanam ,
(your Gothram)
Gothraa (Names of mother. Grand mother, great
grand mother[1] ) Namnee ,
Vasu-Rudra-Adithya swaroopa Asmad Mathru[2]-pithamahi-Prapithamahischa,
(Your maternal grand father’s gothram) gothraanam (names of maternal
grand father, his father and his grand father)
Sarmanam vasu –rudra -adithya swaroopanam asmad mathamaha, mathru pithamaha, mathru
prapithamahanam, (Your maternal grand father’s gothram) gothraa
(Names of maternal grand mother, maternal great grand mother,
Grand mother of maternal grand father)
Namnee , vasu-rudra –adithya
swaroopa asmad mathamahi[3]-mathru
pithamahi, mathru prapithamahinam Ubhaya
vamsa pithrunaam akshayya thripthyartham
amavasya[4] punya
kale Thila tharpanam karishye.
(throw away the
Durbha (only) held round the fingers along with Pavithram. Change position of
poonal to the left shoulder(usual mode), touch water with finger, change
position of poonal to right
shoulder(left mode))
Arrangement of
Koorcham[5]
East
Pithru
Varga Koorcham
North
South
Mathamaha varga koorcham
Durbha Durbha
West
5.Avahanam for pithru varga(Fathers side)[6]
Wear the poonal
in the left mode , take little ellu(black gingelly) and along with water keep
on the Koorcha meant for Pithru varga while chanting the following manthras:-
1.Aayatha pithara
somya gambhirai padhibhi
poorvai prajamasmabhyam dadhatho
rayim cha deergayuthwam cha satha saaradam
cha.
2.Om bhorbuvaswarom
3,Asmin koorche (Your Gothra)
gothran (Father’s,
grand father’s and great grand father’s name)
sarmana vasu Rudra adithya
swaroopan asmad
pithru-pithamaha-pithrupithamahaan (Your Gothra) gothraa (Names of mother,
grand mother, great grand mother1) namnee
vasu Rudra adithya swaroopa asmad
mathru[7],
pithamahi-pithrupithamahischa dyayami
avahayami.
6.Asanam for pithru vargam
Chanting the
manthra below place gingelly on the koorcha
1.Sakrudacchinnam barhirurnna mrudhu,
Syonam pithrubhyasthwa baramyaham
Asmin taseedanthu me pithara somyaa,
Pithamahaa prapithamahaaschaanugai saha.
2.Pithru-pithamaha,pithru pithamahanam mathru[8]
–pithamahi –prapithamahinaam cha idam
asanam , thiladhi sakalaradhanai swarchidham
7.Avahanam for mathamaha varga(maternal grand fathers
side)
Wearing the poonal in
the left mode , take little ellu(black gingelly) and along with water keep on
the Koorcha meant for mathru varga while chanting the following manthras:-
1.Aayatha mathu pithara
somya gambhirai padhibhi
poorvai prajamasmabhyam dadhatho
rayim cha deergayathwam cha satha
saaradam cha.
2.Om bhorbuvaswarom
3,Asmin koorche (Maternal grand
father’s gothra) gothran (Names of maternal grand father,
maternal great grand father and grand father of maternal grand father) sarmana vasu Rudra adithya swaroopan asmad mathamaha-mathru pithamaha-mathru
prapithamaha (maternal grand father’s gothra) gothraa
(Names of maternal grand mother, maternal great
grand mother, grand mother of maternal grand father) namnee vasu Rudra adithya swaroopa asmad mathamahi[9]-mathru
pithamahi-mathru prapithamahischa dyayami avahayami.
8.Asanam for mathru vargam
Chanting the
manthra below place gingelly on the mathru varga koorcha
1.Sakrudacchinnam barhirurnna mrudhu,
Syonam pithrubhyasthwa baramyaham
Asmin taseedanthu me pithara somyaa,
Pithamahaa prapithamahaaschaanugai saha.
2.Mathamaha-mathru pithamaha-mathru prapitha mahaanaam,
Mathamahi-mathru pithamahi-mathru prapithamahischa idam asanam , thiladhi
sakalaradhanai swarchidham
9.Pithru varga tharpanam
Offer tharpanam with hand full of water mixed with black ellu on the koorcham
for Pithru vargam after each manthra
a.
Pithru
tharpanam(Oblation to father)
1.Udheerathamvara uthparasa,
Unmadhyama pithara somyasa
Asum ya eeyuravyaka ruthagna
Sthene avanthu pitharo
harveshu,
(Your gothram) Gothran (Father’s name) ,
Sarmana vasu roopan mama pithrun swadha namastharpayami.
2.Angeeraso na pitharo navagwa,
Adharvano byagava somyaasa,
Thesham vayugum sumathou
yagniyanaa mapi
Badre soumanase syama
(Your gothram)
Gothraan (Father’s
name) ,
Sarmana vasu roopan mama pithrun swadha namas
tharpayami.
3.Aa yaanthu na pithara somyaso
agni
shwatha[10] prathibhir deva yanai
asmin yagne swadhaya
maadhayanthwadhi bruvantha[11] they avanthasman,
(Your
Gothram) gothraan (Fathers name) ,
sarmana vasu roopan mama pithrun
swadha namas tharpayami.
b.Pithamaha
tharpanam (oblation to grand father)
1.Oorjam vahanthiramrutham grutham paya keelalam
Parisrutham swadha sdha
tharpatatha me pithroon ,
(your gothram) Gothraan
(Grand fathers name) ,
Sarmana Rudra roopan mama pithaamahaan swadha namas
tharpayami.
2.Pithrubhya swaadhavibhya swadha
nama
pithamahebhya swadhavibhya swadha
nama
Prapithamahebhya swadhavibhya
swadha nama
(Your gothram) Gothraan (Grand father’s name) ,
Sarmana Rudra roopan mama pitha
mahaan swadha namas tharpayami.
3.Ye cheha pitharo ye cha neha,
Yagscha vidmayagm u cha na
pravidma,
Agne thaan veththa yadi the
jathaveda
Sthaya praththagm swadhaya
madanthu
(Your
gothram) Gothraan (Grand father’s name) ‘
Sarmana rudra roopan mama pithamahaan swadha
namastharpayami
c.Prapithamaha tharpanam(oblations
to great grand father)
a.Madhu vaathaa ruthaayathe madhu ksharanthi sindhava
maadweer na santhwashadhi
(Your Gothram) Gothraan (Great grand father’s
name) ,
Sarmana adithya roopaan mama prapithamahan swadha namas tharpayami.
b.Madhu nakthamuthoshasi madu math
parthivagam
raja madhu dhourasthu na pitha
(Your gothram) Gothraan
(great grand father’s name) ,
Sarmana adithya roopan mama
prapithamahaan swadha namas tharpayami
c.Madhumanno vanaspathir madhu
magma asthu soorya,
Maadweer gavo bavanthu na
(Your gothra) Gothraan (great grand
father’s name) ,
Sarmana adhithya roopan mama
prapithamahaan swadha namas tharpayami.
1. (Your gothra)
Gothraa (mother’s name)
Namnee vasu roopa mama mathu
swadha namastharpayami
2.. (Your Gothra)
Gothraa (Mother’s
name)
Namnee vasu roopa mama mathu
swadha namastharpayami
3. (Your
Gothra) (Gothraa (Mother’s name)
Namnee vasu roopa mama mathu
swadha namastharpayami
1.(Your
Gothra) Gothraa (Grand mother’s name)
Namnee Rudra roopa mama
pithamahi swadha namastharpayami
2. . (Your
Gothra) Gothraa (Grand mother’s name)
Namnee Rudra roopa mama
pithamahi swadha namastharpayami
3. (Your
gothra) Gothraa (Grand mother’s name)
Namnee Rudra roopa mama
pithamahi swadha namastharpayami
1. (Your
Gothra). Gothraa (Great grand
mother’s name)
Namnee adithya roopa mama prapithamahi swadha namastharpayami
2. .(Your
Gothra) Gothraa (Great Grand mother’s name)
Namnee adithya roopa mama prapithamahi swadha namastharpayami
3. .(Your
Gothra) Gothraa (Great Grand mother’s name)
Namnee adithya roopa mama prapithamahi swadha namastharpayami
10.jnaatha jnatha
pithru varge tharpanam Oblation to unknown manes of paternal sides)
a.Jnaatha jnatha pithroon swadha
namas tharpayami
b. Jnaatha jnatha pithroon swadha
namas tharpayami
c. Jnaatha jnatha pithroon swadha
namas tharpayami
Oorjam vahantheeramrutham grutham paya
keelalam parisrutham swadha stha
tharpayatha me pithroon trupyatha thrupyatha thrupyatha.
11.Mathamaha varga tharpanam
(oblations to ancestors of maternal grand father)
Offer tharpanam with hand full of water mixed with black ellu on the koorcham
for Pithru vargam after each manthra
a.Matha maha tharpanam(Oblation to maternal grand father)
1.Udheerathamvara uthparasa,
Unmadhyama pithara somyasa
Asum ya eeyuravyaka ruthagna
Sthene avanthu pitharo
harveshu
(Maternal
grand father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal grand
father’s name) ,
Sarmana vasu roopan mama matha mahaan swadha namastharpayami.
2.Angeeraso na pitharo navagwa,
Adharvano byagava somyaasa,
Thesham vayugum sumathou
yagniyanaa mapi
Badre soumanase syama
(Maternal
grand father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal grand
father’s name)
Sarmana vasu roopan mama matha mahaan swadha namas
tharpayami.
3.Aa yaanthu na pithara somyaso
agni
shwatha prathibhir deva yanai
asmin yagne swadhaya
madhayanthwadhi bruvantha the avanthasman,
(Maternal grand
father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal grand
father’s name)
,sarmana vasu roopan mama matha mahaan swadha namas tharpayami.
b.Mathru
pitha maha tharpanam (oblation to grand father of mother)
1.Oorjam vahanthiramrutham grutham paya keelalam
Parisrutham swadha sdha
tharpayatha me pithroon ,
(Maternal grand
father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal great grand
father’s name)
Sarmana Rudra roopan mama mathu pithaamahaan swadha
namas tharpayami.
2.Pithrubhya swaadhavibhya swadha
nama
pithamahebhya swadhavibhya swadha
nama
Prapithamahebhya swadhavibhya
swadha nama
(Maternal
grand father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal great
grand father’s name)
Sarmana Rudra roopan mama mathu
pitha mahaan swadha namas tharpayami.
3.Ye cheha pitharo ye cha neha,
Yagscha vidmayagm u cha na
pravidma,
Agne thaan veththa yadi the
jathaveda
Sthaya praththagm swadhaya
madanthu
(Maternal
grand father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal great
grand father’s name)
Sarmana rudra roopan mama mathu pithamahaan swadha
namastharpayami
c.Mathu Prapithamaha
tharpanam(oblations to great grand father of mother)
1.Madhu vaathaa ruthaayathe madhu ksharanthi sindhava
maadweer na santhwashadhi
(Maternal
grand father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal grand
father’s grand father’sname)
Sarmana adithya roopaan mama mathu prapithamahan swadha namas tharpayami.
2.Madhu nakthamuthoshasi madu math
parthivagam
raja madhu dhourasthu na pitha
(Maternal
grand father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal grand
father’s grand father’sname)
Sarmana adithya roopan mama mathu
prapithamahaan swadha namas tharpayami
3.Madhumanno vanaspathir madhu
magma asthu soorya,
Maadweer gavo bavanthu na
(Maternal grand
father’s Gothra) gothran (Maternal grand
father’s grand father’sname)
Sarmana adhithya roopan mama mathu
prapithamahaan swadha namas tharpayami.
1.(Maternal
grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal grand
mother’s name)
Namnee vasu roopa mama mathamahi
swadha namastharpayami
2.
.(Maternal grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal
grand mother’s name)
Namnee vasu roopa mama mathamahi
swadha namastharpayami
3.
.(Maternal grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal
grand mother’s name)
Namnee vasu roopa mama mathamahi
swadha namastharpayami
1.(Maternal
grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal great
grand mother’s name)
Namnee Rudra roopa mama mathu pithamahi swadha namastharpayami
2.
.(Maternal grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal
great grand mother’s name)
Namnee Rudra roopa mama mathu
pithamahi swadha namastharpayami
3.
.(Maternal grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal
grand mother’s name)
Namnee Rudra roopa mama mathu
pithamahi swadha namastharpayami
1. .(Maternal
grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal grand
father’s grand mother’s name)
Namnee adithya roopa mama mathu prapithamahi swadha namastharpayami
2.
.(Maternal grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal
grand father’s grand mother’s name) . .
Namnee adithya roopa mama mathu prapithamahi swadha namastharpayami
3. .(Maternal
grand father’s gothra) gothraa (Maternal grand
father’s grand mother’s name) . .
Namnee adithya roopa mama mathu prapithamahi swadha namastharpayami
12.jnaatha jnatha
matha maha varga tharpanam (Oblation to unknown manes of maternal grand father side)
a.Jnaatha jnatha mathu pithroon
swadha namas tharpayami
b. Jnaatha jnatha mathu pithroon
swadha namas tharpayami
c. Jnaatha jnatha mathu pithroon
swadha namas tharpayami
Oorjam vahantheeramratham grutham paya
keelalam parisrutham swadha stha
tharpayatha me mathu pithroon trupyatha thrupyatha thrupyatha.
13.pradhakshinam
Change poonal to usual pattern from left
shoulder
(Chant and rotate in the same
place clock wise)
Devathabhya pithrubhyascha maha
yogibhya eva cha
Nama swaadhai swaahayai nithyameva namo nama.
Some versions ask us to chant this Manthra for Pradakshinam
Namo va
pitharo rasaya ,
Namo va
pithara sushmaya,
Namo va
pitharo jeevaya,
Namo va pitharo swadhayai.
Namo va
pitharo manyave,
Namo va
pitharo ghoraya,
Pitharo
namo vo ya ethasmin lokestha,
Yushmagusthe
nuye asmin loke,
Manthenu
ya ethasmin lokesya,
Yuyyanthesham
vasishta bhooyastha,
Asmin
loke ahanthesham vasishto bhooyasam.
14.Namaskaram (salutations)
Change poonal to the left side
pattern from right shoulder
Recite with folded hands
Pithru-Pithamaha-Prapthamahebhyo
nama
Mathru –pitha mahi
–prapithamahebhyo nama[18]
Mathamaha -mathru pithamaha-mathru
prapithamahebhyo nama.
Mathamahi-Mathu pithamahi=mathu
prapathamaheebhyo nama.[19]
Some
versions ask us to chant this Manthra
for Namaskaram
Uthishtatha
pithara pretha soora yamasya pantha ma
na vetha puranam,
Dathadhaasmasu
dravinam yachcha badhra prano bruthad bhagha dhan devatha.
Change Poonal to usual mode from
left shoulder
Recite with folded hands
Devathhabhya pithrubhyascha maha
yogibhya eva cha
Nama swaadhayai swahaayai nithya
meva namo nama.
15.Udwasanam [20]
Change Poonal to left mode i.e
from right shoulder
1.Aayatha pithara
somya gambhirai pradhibhi
poorvai prajamasmabhyam dadhatho
rayim cha deergayathwam cha satha
saaradam cha.
2.Om bhorbuvaswarom
3,Asmad koorchat (Your gothram)
gothran (Names of father, grand father, great grand
father)
sarmana vasu Rudra adithya
swaroopan asmad
pithru-pithamaha-pithrupithamahaan (Your gothram)
gothraa (Names of mother, grand mother and great
grand mother) namnee vasu Rudra adithya swaroopa asmad mathru[21],
pithamahi-pithrupithamahischa yada
sthanam prathishtapayami.Shobhanarthe
kshemaya punaragamanaya cha.
4.Aayatha mathu
pithara somya gambhirai
pradhibhi poorvai prajamasmabhyam dadhatho rayim cha
deergayathwam cha satha saaradam cha.
5.Om bhorbuvaswarom
6,Asmin koorche(maternal grand father’s gothra) gothran
(Names of maternal grand father, maternal great grand father and his father)
sarmana vasu Rudra adithya
swaroopan asmad mathamaha-mathru
pithamaha-mathru prapithamaha (Maternal grand father’s
gothra) gothraa (Names of maternal grand mother,
maternal great grand mother, grand mother of maternal grand father)
namnee vasu Rudra adithya swaroopa asmad mathamahi[22]-mathru
pithamahi-mathru prapithamahischa yadasthanam prathishtapayami.
Shobanarthe kshemaaya
punaragamanaya cha
16.Sarva Tharpanam
(General oblations)
Change poonal to left shoulder (usual) , remove Pavithram, keep it in
the ear, do Aachamanam, Wear the Pavithram, change poonal to right
shoulder,Untie the Koorchs , Take them in hand and along with water and
gingelly do a single Tharpanam chanting
Yesham na matha na pitha na bandhu
na anya gothreena the sarve trupthimayanthu mayoth srushtai kusodhakai[23]
Trupyatha, Trupyatha, Trupyatha
Remove pavithram , untie and throw it away, change poonal to
right shoulder and touch the water.
!7.Brahmarpanam
Offer a hand full of water
chanting.
Om Tat sat Brahmarpanamasthu
Do Aachamanam.
Summary meaning in English
of various manthras used in tharpanam
1.Aachamanam
This is a preliminary purification
ceremony. Gods Achutha, Anantha and Govinda are saluted and then the self is
purified by chanting the twelve names of Vishnu.
2.Dhyanam(Vadagalai)
This is a prayer to the God Ganapathi who
is supposed to remove all obstacles on our way in performance of any rite, in
this case, “Tharpanam”
1.I keep always in my mind the devotees of the Lord of the
venkata mountain as my religious teacher
2.With all my attention I bow before that teacher of
teachers who are the first mother and father of this world.
3.I keep my mind on him who lies on the Adhi Sesha attended by Bhoo devi and Lakshmi
4. I meditate on the dark coloured Vishnu who has four hands
and wears white silk and is always gracefully happy.
5.I bow before Vishwaksena so that what I am starting is
completed without problems.
2.Dhyanam(Thenkalai)
1. I meditate on the dark coloured Vishnu who has four hands
and wears white silk and is always gracefully happy.
2.I bow before Vishwaksena so that what I am starting is
completed without problems.
3.Pranayamam
This manthra is a
guide to a breathing exercise as also a prayer. While chanting Om bhoo,Om
Bhuva, Ogum Suva, Om Maha, om jana, om thapa, ogum satyam we are supposed to
keep the left nostril closed and inhale through the right nostril. While
chanting, “Om tat sa vithur varenyam bargo
devasya dhee mahi, dhi yo yona prachothayad”, we are supposed to close both
nostrils and hold the breath. After this the left nostril is opened and air
exhaled till the end of the manthra.
Hindus believed
that that there were six holy worlds above the earth. These along with earth
are remembered in the first part. These worlds are bhooloka, bhuvarloka,
suvarloka, maharloka, janaloka, thapaloka and satya loka. The second part is
the famous Gayathri manthram. It means
“I meditate on that savitha (the sun or the enlightenment
within ourselves) which helps us in our though process, that god which is
within me and that all engulfing power.”
Or
“ I meditate on the most holy shining aspect of that God,
who helps in brightening our thought process.”
Then the third part means “ Om
is water, it is the light, it is the earth which gives the food, it is the air
which supports life, and it is the ether which is spread all around .It is also
the holy seven worlds.”
By touching the
nose the hands are supposed to get polluted and this is removed by touching the
ears thrice.
4.Sankalpam
This is a
preliminary rite in every Vedic action. We tell why we are doing what we do and
we also tell, what we are going to do every time. In some cases like the
tharpanam we also tell when we are doing it and where.
To attain the
grace of God, through destruction of sins committed by me, praying the lord of
all worlds,
1.I pray god Lakshmi
pathi and mention below the auspicious hour, day, star, moon phase, my
knowledge base and the strength of God and salute the feets of Lord Vishnu.
2.Whether one is in
pure or impure state or whatever state one is in, just by remembering
Pundarikaksha that is Lord Vishnu, I get cleaned both outside and inside.
3.There is no doubt
that the sins committed either by mind, or words or by action go away by
remembering the names of Lord Rama.Rama. Rama
4.The moon phase,
the day, the star, the yoga and the happenings are all Lord Vishnu and thus the
whole world is filled with Lord Vishnu.Govinda, Govinda, Govinda.
5.In the second
ionic division of lord Brahma who acted according to the wishes of the prime
God Lord Vishnu, In the great period of the white Varaha, in the extended reign
of Vaivasvatha manu, in the 28th time period which is the first step
of Kali yuga,
At the Indian sub
continent of the Indian continent of the great Jambu island, In the south of
the Meru mountain, In the year
of the saka timeperiod starting with the year Prabhava, in the solstice, in the season, in the month
of
In the waning/waxing period of
the moon, in the day
of the moon crescents, in the
day, in the star, in the holy period which is for good action, which results in
good, and in the period which has many
other good properties, in the
day of moon
crescents, I do oblations with thil(gingelly) and water for destruction of all
my sins and for the favour of the god, to
my father whose name is who is of the form of vasu, who
belongs to the gothra , to my
grand father whose name is who is of the form of Rudra,
who belongs to the gothra , to my great grand
father whose name is who is of the form of adithya and
who belongs to the gothra , as
also to my mother(grand mother if she
mother is alive) who is of the form of vasu and who belongs to the gothra and whose name is , to my grand mother (great grand
mother if mother is alive) who is of the form of Rudra who belongs to the
gothra
And whose
name is , to my great grand
mother (her mother if mother is alive)
who is of the form of Adithya and who belongs to the Gothra and whose name is , to my maternal grand father
who is of the form of Vasu and who belongs to the gothra and whose name is , to my maternal great grand
father who is of the form of Rudra, who
belongs to the gothra and
whose name is ,
to my great grand father of my mother
who is of the form of Adithya and whose name is , to my maternal grand
mother who is of the form of vasu, who belongs to the gotra and whose name is , to my maternal great grand mother
who is of the form of Rudra, who belongs to the gothra and whose name is , to my great grand mother of my
mother who is of the form of
adithya who belongs to the gothra and whose name is .for their perennial
satisfaction ,
5.Avahanam(For my
fathers side)
1.Hey revered manes, who have observed soma yaga, please
travel through the royal path , and take
part in this rite, which has been adopted by your ancestors. And bless me with
children wealth and long life,
2.Om is the sound of the
holy lands, which are above this earth.
3.I meditate on my father, grandfather, great grandfather
whose names are
who were
belonged to the
gothra and whose respective forms
are that of Vasu, rudhra and adhithya and my mother, grand mother and great
grand mother [24] whose
names are who
belonged to the
gothra
and whose respective forms are that of Vasu, Rudhra and Adhithya and request
them to occupy this koorcham.
6.Asanam (For my fathers side)
1.Hey leaves of Durbha
plant, I spread thine very soft leaves , which were only cut once here so that
my manes can sit on you. Let my father, grandfather, great grandfather who are
of the form of the moon sit on you along with their companions.
2.I give seat to my
father, grandfather, great grandfather and my mother, grandmother and great
grandmother[25] and
worship them with gingelly.
7.Avahanam(For my
maternal grand father’s side)
1.Hey revered manes, who have observed soma yaga, please
travel through the royal path , and take
part in this rite, which has been adopted by your ancestors. And bless me with
children wealth and long life,
2.Om is the sound of the
holy lands, which are above this earth.
3.I meditate on my maternal grandfather, maternal great
grandfather, grandfather of maternal
grandfather whose names are
who were
belonged to the
gothra and whose respective forms
are that of Vasu, rudhra and adhithya and my maternal grand mother, maternal
great grand mother and grand mother
of maternal grand father [26]
whose names are who
belonged to the
gothra
and whose respective forms are that of Vasu, Rudhra and Adhithya and request
them to occupy this koorcham.
8.Asanam (For my maternal grand fathers side)
1.Hey leaves of
Durbha plant, I spread thine very soft leaves , which were only cut once here
so that my manes can sit on you. Let my maternal grandfather, maternal great
grandfather, grand father of maternal
grandfather who are of the form of the moon sit on you along with their
companions.
2.I give seat to my
maternal grand father, maternal great grand father, grand father of my maternal
grand father and my maternal grand mother, maternal great grand mother and grand mother of my maternal grand father[27]
and worship them with gingelly.
9.Oblations to paternal ancestors
a. Oblations to father
1.Let all those manes who are in the earth because they did
not perform dutiful rites. Those manes who are great because they carried out
fire sacrifices and those of average stature because they performed the rites prescribed to them, receive my
oblations and bless me. Let those who do not trouble and know about the rites that I perform save me. I offer this oblation of this food
mixed with water to my father whose name is and who is born in the
gothra and who is the form
of vasu.
2.Our manes who are known
by names such as Angeeras, atharwas, and brugus ,are of very great
character and they all have great affection to their descendents. Let them who
should be worshipped by doing fire sacrifices be is our mind doing good and
bless us. I offer this oblation of this food mixed with water to my father
whose name is and
who is born in the gothra
and who is the form of vasu.
3.Let my manes who have not done fire sacrifices but have
reached pithru loka arrive here by the path taken by Gods. Let them get
satisfied by this offering of food mixed with water and let them talk good of us in the other
world and bless us with further and
further progress. I offer this oblation of this food mixed with water to my
father whose name is
and who is born in the
gothra and who is the form
of vasu.
b. Oblations to grandfather
1.Hey gods who love water
, carry suitable food, nectar, ghee, blood and toddy to my manes if by
chance they are born as men, tree, creeper
and men of the lower caste and make it suitable food for them and also become food for them. I offer this
oblation of this food mixed with water to my grand father whose name is and who is born in the
gothra and who is the form
of Rudra.
2.I salute my father, grand father
and great grand father who like the food called swadha which is mixed with
water and offer them the food which is swadha. I offer this oblation of this
food mixed with water to my grand father whose name is and who is born in the
gothra and who is the form
of Rudra.
3.Hey God of fire who is all
knowing, You know my manes who are present here, who are not present here,
those who are known to me because they departed
not long ago, those are not known to me, . Please take this food with water,
which I am offering to them and let all my manes become happy. I offer this
oblation of this food mixed with water to my grand father whose name is and who is born in the gothra and who is the form of Rudra
c. Oblations to great grandfather
1.Let air do me (who is offering
these oblations) good and rivers and
medicinal plants give me sweetness I offer this oblation of this food mixed with
water to my great grand father whose
name is and who is
born in the gothra and who
is the form of Adhithya.
2.Let night and day do me good.
Let earth give me sweetness and very good quality food. Let the sky , which is
like my father not trouble me with no rain or excess rain and grant me pure pleasure. I offer this
oblation of this food mixed with water to my great grand father whose name is and who is born in the
gothra and who is the form of Adhithya.
3.Let trees bless me by giving
fruits. Let Sun god give me energy without much hot weather. Let cows give me
sweet milk. I offer this oblation of this food mixed with water to my great
grand father whose name is and who is born in the
gothra and who is the form
of adhitya.
d, e. f. Mother , grandmother ,
great grandmother[28]
Three oblations each are offered
without any “riks(prayer chant) to the lady ancestors with the manthra
“I offer this oblation of this
food mixed with water to my mother (grand mother, great grand mother) whose
name is and who is
born in the gothra and who
is the form of vasu.(Rudra for grand mother, Adithya for great grand mother.)
“
10.Oblations to unknown manes of the father’s side.
This is offered thrice with the chant.
“I offer this swadha food which is
mixed with water to my known and unknown manes of my paternal side.”
Hey gods who love water
, carry suitable food, nectar, ghee, blood and toddy to my manes if by
chance they are born as men, tree,
creeper and men of the lower caste and make it suitable food for them and also become food for them. Oh manes
please get satisfied, please get satisfied and please get satisfied.
The Tharpanam for the manes of the maternal grandfather side(11 and
12) is
same as that of paternal side except the manes of the maternal grand
fathers side are mentioned so as to avoid repetition this meaning is not given/
13.Pradakshinam
Salutations to gods, manes and great sages.
Salutations to food, fire sacrifice daily
The
meaning of the alternate manthra:-
Oh manes
salutations ,
To your
spirit,
Your
strength,
Your
soul,
Your
food, which is swadha,
Your
anger,
And your
strong punishment.
Let those
people whom you are with ,
Obey you.
You
kindly do as per our wishes.
Please be
friends to those whom you are
With in
Pithru loka and be a good home for them.
For those
who are in this earth,
Let me a
good home.
.
14.Namaskaram (Salutations)
Salutations to father-grand father
and great grandfather,
Salutations to mother-grand
mother-great grandmother
Salutations to maternal
grandfather, his father and his grand father
Salutations to maternal
grandmother, maternal great grandmother and great grandmother of maternal
grandfather.
The
meaning of alternate manthra.
Oh manes
who are great in blessing and in action,
Be
pleased to depart by either the old way
or
through the land of yama or any other way,
Please
grant us wealth and good luck.
Please
tell the Vasu, adhithya and devathas,
About the
food that I offered you.
15.Udwasanam
This is the same as Avahana manthra except that the manes are asked to go
their place and are requested to come again and again.
16.Sarva Tharpanam.(general
oblations)
Let all those manes who do not have mother, father, friends , others of
their family or even others belonging to
other gotras to do tharpanam for
them partake this water mixed with
gingely and be satisfied., be satisfied, be satisfied.
17.Brahmarpanam
I do give all this to the great god Brahma so that faults are pardoned.
II Brahma Yagnam
This is supposed to be done by all
Brahmins daily after Madhyahnikam. This is a worship of Vedas and honouring and
satifying the devas, rishis and Pithrus.The Manthra starting with
“Vidhyudhasi….” Means
Oh God, you are the lightning
which is in between the clouds and you know my sins.and I seek the part of that
power of yours. Daily.
The vedic chants have the
following meaning:-
1.I worship the god of fire who is the first god in all fire sacrifices,
who is the one who conducts and who is the conductior of the fire sacrifice and
who is capable of giving all wealth.(Rik Veda)
2.Oh calves of cows, To supply us
food as well as make us worship god, you graze and return. Let the god savithru
give you good grazing(Yajur veda)
3.Oh God of fire, be pleased to
come.You should be pleased accept our worship.Please make the fire sacrifice
that we do to the devas.(sama veda)
4.Oh Gods who like water, Apart
from quenching our thirsts, you should fulfill all our desires and grant us
good things.By your grace let sorrow vanish from our lives and let happiness come.(atharvana Veda)
Meaning for the sloka starting
with “Vrushtirasi….”
You are rain,You will cut off my
sins,.
After this several oblation is offered to devas, rishis, Vedas and
pithrus.
Appendix
1.Names of Nakshatras in Sanskrit
for sankalpa
S.No
Tamil Malayalam Sanskrit
1. Aswathi Aswini Aswini
2.
Bharani Bharani Apabharani
3.
Karthigai . Karthiga Kruthiga
4. Rohini Rohini Rohinee
5. Mriga
Siarm Mageeram Mriga Seersha
6.
Thiruvathirai
Thiruvathira Arudhra
7.
Punarpoosam Punartham Punarvasu
8.
Poosam Pooyam Pushya
9.
Ayilyam Ayilyam Aslesha
10.
Magam Makam Magha
11.
Pooram Pooram Poorva phalguni
12.
Uthiram Uthram Uthra Phalguni
13.
Haastham Atham Hastha
14.
Chithirai
Chithra Chitra
15.
Swathi Swathi Swathi
16.
Vishagam Vishakam Vishaka
17. Anusham Anizham Anuradha
18.
Kettai
Ketta Jyeshta
19.
Moolam Moolam Moola
20 Pooradam Pooradam Poorvashada
21.
Uthradam Uthradam Uthrashada
22.
Thiruvonam Thiruvonam Sravana
23.
Avittam Avittam Sravishta
24.
Chathayam Chathayam Satha bishak
25..
Poororattathi
Poororattathi Poorva proshta
pada
26
Uthrattathi Uthrattathi Uthara proshtapada
27.
Revathy Revathy Revathee.
2. .Names of days of week in Sanskrit for
sankalpa
1.Sunday- Bhanuvasara
2.Monday- Induvasara
3.Tuesday-Bhouma vasara
4.Wednesday-Soumya vasara
5.Thursday- Guru vasara
6.Friday- Brugu vasara
7.Saturday- Sthiravasara
3. .Names of months in Sanskrit for sankalpa
S.No Tamil Malayalam Sanskrit
1. Chitthirai Medam Mesham
2 Vaikasi Edavam Rishabha
3 Aani Midhunam Midhuna
4
Aadi Karkidagam Karkada
5 Aavani Chingam Simham
6 Puratasi Kanni Kanya
7 Iyppasi Thulam Thula
8 Karthigai Vrischigam Vrucchiga
9 Margazhi Dhanu Dhanu
10 Thai Makaram Makara
11 Masi Kumbham Kumbha
12 Panguni Meenam Meena
4.Names of the seasons
1.Vasantha Ruthu Chithirai-Vaikasi Medam-edavam
2,Greeshma Rithu Aani-Aadi Mithunam-karkidagam
3.Varsha Rithu Aavani-purattasi Chingam-Kanni
4.Sarad Rithu Ippasi-Karthigai Thulam-Vrischigam
5.Hemantha Rithu Margazhi-Thai Dhanu-Makaram
6.Sishira Rithu Maasi-Panguni Kumbham-Meenam
. .
* Meaning of
the manthras at the end.
* Please
refer Panchangam(almanac) for the names or get the particulars.For Sanskrit
names refer at the end of compilation.These particulars for every tharpanam is
given in www.keralaiyers.com and www.brahmanas.org .
** It is
recommended that you substitute these names in various places and take a print
out for your use .Contact family elders if you do not know this information.
[1] Names of
grand mother, great grand mother, Fathers great grand mother if mother is alive
[2] In case
mother is alive, this would be pithamahi-prapithamahi-pithruprapithamahischa
[3] In case
mother’s mother is alive , this would be
mathamahasya mathu-pithamahi-prapithamahischa
[4]
Mesharavi punya kale for tharpanam done on Mesha sankramam(chittirai-makaram
first)Karkadaga ravi punya kale( for tharpanam done during adi=Karkidaga
Sankramam(Adi first), Thula ravi punya kale for tharpanam done during thula
masam first(Iyppasi first), makara ravi punya kale for tharpanam done on makara
sankramam(Thai first), Suryoparaga punya kale for tharpanam done during solar
eclipse, Somoparaga punyakale for tharpanam done during Lunar eclipse and In
case of Paraheni tharpanam done after Sraddham, “Purvedya maya krutha mathru pithru
prathyabdhika sradhangam thila
tharpanam karishye. Please note in case of paraheni tharpanam, the
offering(tharpanam) is made to only paternal side pithrus.
[5]In some
families they only use one koorcham.
[6] People
using only one koorcha, please do avahanam chanting “Asmin koorche vargodhaya
pithroon dhyayami avahayami”
[7] In case
mother is alive, this would be pithamahi-prapithamahi-pithruprapithamahischa
[8] In case
mother is alive, this would be pithamahi-prapithamahi-pithruprapithamahischa
[9] In case
mother’s mother is alive , this would be
mathamahasya mathu-pithamahi-prapithamahischa
[10] Some
books say “ pitharo manoja vaso
agnishwatha”
[11] Some
books say “ madantho adhi bruvanthu”
[12] If
mother is alive instead of mathru tharpanam perform pithamahi tharpanam.In the
manthras replace mathu with pithamahi.
[13] If
mother is alive instead of pithamahi tharpanam perform prapithamahi
tharpanam.In the manthras replace pithamahi with prapithamahi
[14] If
mother is alive instead of prapithamahi tharpanam perform pithru prapithamahi
tharpanam.In the manthras replace prapitha mahi with pithru prapithamahi.
[15] If
maternal grand mother is alive instead of matha mahi tharpanam perform matha mahasya mathu
tharpanam.In the manthras replace mathamahi
with mathamahasya mathu.
[16] If
maternal grand mother is alive instead of
mathu pithamahi tharpanam perform matha mahasya pithamahi tharpanam.In
the manthras replace mathu pithamahi with matha mahasya pithamahi
[17] If
maternal grand mother is alive instead of mathu prapithamahi tharpanam perform
mathamahasya prapithamahi tharpanam.In the manthras replace prapitha mahi with
matha mahasya prapithamahi.
[18] If
mother is alive recite Pithamahi-prapithamahi-pithru prapapitha maheebhyo nama
[19] If
maternal grand mother is alive then Mathamahasya mathu-mathamahasya
pithamahi-matha mahasya prapithamaheebhyo nama.
[20] People
doing tharpanam on one koorcham chant”
Asmad koorchat vargodhaya pithrun yadastanam prathishtapayami.”
[21] In case
mother is alive, this would be pithamahi-prapithamahi-pithruprapithamahischa
[22] In case
mother’s mother is alive , this would be
mathamahasya mathu-pithamahi-prapithamahischa
[23] Some
books say “ Yesham na matha na pitha na mithra gnanthi bandhawa “ and some
others say “yesham na pitha na bratha na puthro na anya gothrina”
[24] grand
mother, great grand mother, fathers great grand mother in case mother is alive
[25] grand
mother, great grand mother and father’s great grand mother in case mother is
alive.
[26]
Maternal grand father’s mother, maternal grand fathers grand mother, maternal grand fathers great
grand mother in case maternal grand mother is alive
[27]
Maternal grand father’s mother, maternal grand fathers grand mother, maternal grand fathers great
grand mother in case maternal grand mother is alive
[28] Grand
mother, great grand mother and fathers great grand mother in case mother is
alive.
